Initially, the Salt Lake Valley was populated by the Shoshone, Paiute, Goshute and Ute Native American tribes. At the time of the founding of Salt Lake City, the valley was inside the Shoshone Northwestern region, which has a seasonal camp along the river in the valley and in adjacent valley. One of the local Shoshone tribes, the West Goshute tribe, refers to the Great Salt Lake as Pi'a-pa , meaning "big water", or Ti'tsa-pa , meaning "bad water". The land is treated by the United States as a public domain; no original title by Northwestern Shoshone ever recognized by the United States or extinguished by an agreement with the United States. Father Silvestre VÃÆ' Â © lez de Escalante, a Spanish Franciscan missionary was considered the first European explorer in the area in 1776, but only came north as far as the Utah valley (Provo), about 60 miles south of the Salt Lake City area. The first US visitor to see the Salt Lake area was John Chugg in 1824. US Army officers John C. Fremont mont surveyed the Great Salt Lake and Salt Lake Valley in 1843 and 1845. The Donner Party, a group that fared poorly the pioneers, traveled through the Great Salt Lake Valley a year before the Mormon pioneers. The group had spent weeks crossing the difficult and brushing terrain, cutting off through the Wasatch Mountains, coming through the Emigration canyon to the Salt Lake Valley on August 12, 1846. This same route would be used by the forerunner Mormon pioneer company, and for many years - years later by those who followed them to Salt Lake.
Video History of Salt Lake City
Initial years
On July 24, 1847, 143 men, three women and two children set up Great Salt Lake City a few miles east of the Great Salt Lake, located in the northernmost part of the Salt Lake Valley. At the time of its founding no Indians were present in the Salt Lake valley. The first two companies to enter the Salt Lake valley were Orson Pratt and Erastus Snow. Members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints ("LDS Church") sought to build an autonomous religious community and were the first people of European descent who settled permanently in the area now known as Utah. Thousands of Mormon pioneers will arrive in Salt Lake in the next few months and years.
Brigham Young led the Saints to the west after the death of Joseph Smith. Arriving in the Salt Lake valley, Young had a vision by saying, "Enough, this is the right place. (This is usually shortened to, "This is the place"). There is a state park in Salt Lake City known as This Place The Heritage Park Park commemorates the place where Young made a famous statement.
Salt Lake City was initially inhabited by Latter-day Saints to become New Zion according to President and Church leader Brigham Young. Young initially ruled both the territory and the church by the high council which imposed the original city order in 1848. The system was later replaced by the city council and the mayor's government.
After a very difficult winter and the picking of a magical plant, where Pioneers are reported to have been saved from cricket attacks by seagulls (see Miracle of the Gulls), Desert Blossomed as the Rose in Salt Lake Valley. Pioneer Introduction survives by maintaining a very close community. Under the leadership of the Young Pioneers, a communal sharing system works in various ward houses set up throughout the Salt Lake Valley.
The Gold Rush California brought many people through the city on their way to seek their fortune. Salt Lake, which is at the crossroads of the westbound journey, becomes an important trading point for speculators and prospects who travel. They came with goods from the East, such as clothing and other manufactured goods, trading with local farmers for livestock and fresh produce.
Congress organized the Utah Territory from the "Deseret Country" in 1850, and a few months later on January 6, 1851 the city was officially organized as "The City of Great Salt Lake". Initially, Fillmore, Utah was the territorial capital, but in 1856 moved to Salt Lake City, where he has remained ever since. The city name is officially changed to "Salt Lake City" at the same time.
In 1857, when the practice of Mormon polygamy came to national consciousness, President James Buchanan responded to public outrage by sending 2,500 troops, called the Utah Expedition, to investigate the LDS Church and install a non-LDS governor to replace Brigham Young.. In response, Brigham Young imposed martial law, sending Utah militia to disrupt the army, a conflict called Utah War. Young finally succumbed to federal control when the new territorial governor, Alfred Cumming, arrived in Salt Lake City on April 12, 1858. Most of the troops were pulled out at the beginning of the American Civil War.
To secure a road to California during the Civil War, more troops arrived under the command of Colonel Patrick Edward Connor in 1862. They settled in the eastern Fort Douglas area of ​​the city. With great anti-LDS, Connor looked at people in disgust, calling them, "a community of traitors, murderers, fanatics, and prostitutes." To dilute his influence, he works with non-LDS business owners and banks, and also encourages mining. In 1863, some of his troops found gold and silver rich veins in the Wasatch Mountains.
In 1868 Brigham Young founded the Zion Cooperative Sion (ZCMI) Lighthouse as a way to ward off dependence on goods from outside and arguably to deter LDS ex-retailers. Although ZCMI is sometimes credited with being the nation's first department store, a decade earlier the "Marble Palace" of New York City and Macy competed for that title.
Change is inevitable. The world began to come to Salt Lake City in 1869 with the completion of the First Transcontinental Railway at Promontory Summit, north of the city. In 1870, Salt Lake was associated with him through the Utah Central Railroad. People start pouring into Salt Lake looking for opportunities in mining and other industries.
The city government was dominated by the People's Party until 1890. The non-national People's Party was a LDS-controlled political organization, and each of the early mayors of Salt Lake City was LDS. Sparks often fly between LDS city authorities and non-LDS federal authorities stationed outside of Salt Lake. A dramatic example occurred in 1874 when city police were arrested by US Marshals, who controlled national elections held in Salt Lake City. Mayor Daniel H. Wells, member of the First Presidency of the LDS Church, declared martial law from the balcony of Old Salt Lake Town Hall. Federal forces arrested the mayor, but he was soon released.
In the 1880s, Edmunds-Tucker's anti-polygamy law systematically rejected many members of the prominent LDS Church of the right to vote or hold office. Polygamy is held in Federal prisons outside Salt Lake in the Sugar House area. Consequently, the non-LDS Liberal Party took control of the city government in the 1890 election. Three years later the Liberal Party and the Peoples Party dissolved into national parties anticipating the state of Utah, but both the LDS and non-LDS leaders would rule Salt Lake City then and so on.
The city became the capital of Utah state on January 4, 1896, when Utah entered the union after President Grover Cleveland's decision after the LDS Church agreed to ban polygamy in 1890.
Maps History of Salt Lake City
20th Century
In 1907, Salt Lake City was home to the World Trade Union Industry Worker. 202.
The city adopted a non-partisan city council in 1911. As LDS/non-LDS tensions subsided, people began working together for the common good, improving roads, utilities and public health care.
The Great Depression hit Salt Lake City very hard. At its peak, the unemployment rate reached 61,500 people, about 36%. Annual per capita income in 1932 was $ 276, half of that amount in 1929, $ 537 per year. Work is still scarce. Though encouraged by federal New Deal programs as well as The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, the economy did not fully recover until World War II.
After suffering through depression, the Salt Lake economy was encouraged during World War II due to the entry of the defense industry to the Wasatch Front. Demand for raw materials enhances the Utah mining industry, and several military installations such as Fort Douglas and Hill Air Force Base are added.
After the Second World War, Salt Lake City grew rapidly. It began to suffer some of the same problems with other cities. Urban spreading is a growing problem because of the combination of rapid growth and abundance of available land. Military and aerospace are also becoming dominant industries.
Salt Lake started his bid for the Winter Olympics as early as the 1930s, when the Utah Ski Club tried to bring the game into the valley. However, at that time, the host city of the Summer Olympics had the option of hosting a winter game, and all attempts failed. Salt Lake tried again for decades until 1995, when the International Olympic Committee announced Salt Lake City as the venue for the 2002 Winter Olympics.
After 132 years in business, ZCMI was sold to the May Department Store Company in 1999. The remains of the ZCMI store, including one in downtown Salt Lake City, were converted into Meier & amp; Frank's shop, although the facade still reads "1868 ZCMI 1999".
In April 1999, the Salt Lake City council voted 5 to 2 along the LDS membership line for sale to LDS Church, a Main Street segment located between Temple Square and the $ 8.1 million LDS Church office building. The church plans to build a large plaza on the ground and a parking structure below it. There is much public criticism about the sale of public lands to private organizations, but Church representatives assure residents that the plaza will be "little Paris", a characterization to be used against the LDS Church later. Concern also lies in plans to ban activities such as demonstrations, skateboarding, sunbathing, smoking, and other activities that are considered "vulgar". ACLU Utah believes that this restriction is inconsistent with the pedestrian easement that the city defends above the square. ACLU lawyers claim this makes the plaza a public free speech forum. Nevertheless, the property was sold to Main Street Plaza. After the Utah District Court ruled against the ACLU, they were justified by the Circuit Court 10 in Fall 2002. Randomizing to satisfy the population, Rocky Anderson offered plans for "time and place" speech restrictions as suggested by the court. However, the LDS Church stays firm to get canceled conveniences. Although The Salt Lake Tribune supports the mayor's original plan, the city council does not like it. Instead, Anderson offers to put aside the fun in exchange for the western side property of the LDS Church to build community and commitment donations to it. All parties agree with this arrangement, and Main Street Plaza is now wholly owned by the LDS Church. Some people think Anderson's compromise is an attempt to strengthen the 2003 re-election campaign among Latter-day Saints and westerners. Both groups tend to have a poor impression of the former mayor.
Today
The 2002 Winter Olympics and heritage
Many changes took place in Wasatch Front due to the 2002 Winter Olympics. The scandal rocked the city when it was discovered that millions of dollars had been channeled into bribes to members of the International Olympic Committee.
The Games
The game opened with a 1980 US hockey team that lit torch and President George W. Bush officially opened the game.
The controversy erupted when in the first week of the couple's skating competition resulted in the scores of discarded French judges and Canadian teams Jamie Salà © © and David Pelletier who were awarded the second gold medal. Athletes with short speed skating and cross-country skiing are disqualified for various reasons (including doping), leading Russia and South Korea to protest and threaten to withdraw from the competition.
The increasing fear of terrorism after the September 11 attacks was groundless, and the game proved safe.
The 2002 match ended with a stunning closing ceremony, including bands like Bon Jovi and KISS (who shared the stage with the figure skater Katarina Witt).
Most 2,500 athletes paraded to the Rice-Eccles Stadium, watching from the stands. Bobsledding bronze medalist Brian Shimer brought the American flag. Russia and South Korea both threatened to boycott the ceremony to protest what they thought was unfair, but appeared also.
Legacy
Many improvements were made to local infrastructure. $ 1.59 billion was spent on road improvements, including an increase in Interstate 15 through the city and a new exchange near Park City. The light rail system was built from downtown to Sandy suburbs and then to the University of Utah.
The Athlete's Village is now a student residence at the University of Utah. Many places in and around the city still stand even after the game.
Many hotels, motels and restaurants are built for the game and still exist today.
Future
Salt Lake City is still struggling with its identity, trying to balance between the capital of the great religion and the modern secular city. Efforts are being made to revitalize the city center and adjust to the phenomenal growth of the area. The LDS Church recently purchased the Crossroads and ZCMI malls and rebuilt it to the new center of the Creek Creek, which is connected by a walkway, and with new apartments and office buildings nearby. The FrontRunner commuter rail is located along the Northern Wasatch Front, with a planned extension for the southern part of the area. Light rail extensions are planned to provide services to the western and southern suburbs, as well as to Salt Lake City International Airport. The controversial Legacy Highway has one completed segment (Legacy Parkway), with the construction of an early phase of the next segment (Mountain View Corridor) completed through the west side of the Salt Lake Valley.
See also
- Dolly Lesung (Utah)
- No-Ni-Shee Arch
Note
References
- Bagley, Will (2004) World Book Encyclopedia , S-Sn Volume, pp.Ã, 76-76a. World Book Inc. ISBNÃ, 0-7166-0104-4
- The History page of Salt Lake City, taken in September 2004.
- McCormick, John S., History To Go Page, was taken in September 2004.
- McCormick, John S., Gathering Place: Salt Lake City Picture History , Signature Book, ISBNÃ, 1-56085-132-5
?
External links
- Stereoviews History of Century 19th Century Salt Lake
- The debate about downtown: Why Main Street is trading for malls - The history of Salt Lake City is told from the perspective of local merchants
- Historic Cinema in Salt Lake City
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments