Compost usage describes useful benefits for compost. Compost is a versatile product resulting from composting - biodegradation of organic waste at the household, community or city level. Composting can be done at the household level, in garden composers or in compost toilets, or at the municipal level in a central composting plant. The method of producing compost has an effect on the possible use in terms of quantity and quality considerations.
The basic use of compost is soil conditioning and fertilization with the addition of humus, nutrients and beneficial soil bacteria, with a variety of specialized applications.
Video Uses of compost
Agriculture
In open land, to grow wheat, corn, soybeans, and similar crops, the compost can be broadcast on the top of the soil using a spreader truck or disperser pulled behind the tractor. It is expected that the layers spread very thin (about 6 mm (0.25 inches) and work into the soil before planting, but the application level is 25 mm (one in) or more unusual when trying to rebuild poor soils or control erosion. very high compost costs per unit of nutrition in the western world (such as the United States) agricultural use is relatively rare because tariffs above 4 tonnes/acre can not be given.This is unfortunate and results from an excessive emphasis on "organic material recycling" on "sustainable nutrition." In other countries such as Germany, where the distribution of compost and partial dispersion is subsidized in the cost of native waste, compost is used more frequently in open land, but only on the "sustainability"
In cultivation, strawberries, tomatoes, chili, melon, and other fruits and vegetables are often grown under plastic to control the temperature, retain moisture and control weeds. Compost can be woven (applied along the line) and worked into the soil before bedding and planting, applied at the same time the bed is built and plastics are laid, or used as a "top pads".
Many plants are not seeded directly in the field but start on seed trays in greenhouses (see transplant). When the seeds reach a certain growth stage, they are transplanted in the fields. Compost can be used as a mixture used to grow seedlings, but it is not usually used as the sole substrate for planting. Plants to be planted and seed sensitivity to nutrients, salt, etc. Determine the mixed ratio, and maturity is important to ensure that oxygen deprivation will not occur or no residual phyto-toxin remains.
Maps Uses of compost
Horticulture
Compost is used in horticulture in various contexts. In elevated garden beds, compost can be mixed with sand, clay, old sawdust, and other materials to create enriched mixtures for landscape beds or elevated garden beds. Compost should be no more than 30 percent of the total mixture. Use high quality mature compost to avoid competition of nutrients and oxygen with plants.
In a container garden, as in bed mixtures, compost can be a useful ingredient in pot media, used up to 30 percent of the total mix, depending on salinity and maturity. It is considered a partial substitute for peat moss, but generally lacks porosity and capacity to retain peat water so it should be used in a limited percentage. The nutrient content of the compost can also reduce the need for additional chemical fertilizers, although this should be determined in every situation.
Areas dug around the foundations of new buildings are backfilled when construction is completed, but these planting zones may contain debris, toxic chemical residues, and other unwanted substances. Removing the backfill and replacing it with the soil/compost mixture will improve the soil structure and provide a healthier initial planting for the foundation.
Two or more inches of compost can be used alone or together with conventional mulch products to keep the root zone cool, save humidity, and act as a slow release fertilizer, provided the product is textured and cooked. For a weed, double or triple barrier the depth of compost can be used, placed over a thick layer of newspaper, to replace the geomembrane weed barrier. This is clearly only true if the compost is weed-free; many do not.
For trees and shrubs, a composite mixture of good ages with native soil can be used for backfilling. Immature compost can lead to sedimentation and young root disorders due to lack of oxygen. Seasonally adjust the shirt with compost to the drip line and rake it into the ground.
To establish new grass areas (grass, recreation field, golf course), compost can be applied before seeding or sodding and working into the soil. Compost seasonally can be used to dress the top and can also be rolled into the ground. Some farms also use compost, planting grass in a few inches of material to prevent loss of humus.
Erosion control
Losing humus is a serious ecological problem. The use of compost to control sediment runoff and combating erosion is a relatively new technology, which is now adopted by local governments, developers, farmers and other major disturbances of the soil as another tool to reduce topsoil loss.
The compost layer scattered in the disturbed soil area is called a compost blanket. With high water-retaining capacity, the compost is not tilled into the soil but remains on the surface to soften the impact of rainfall. Even small amounts can help, but typical recommendations require a 5 cm (2 inch) layer to ensure adequate surface coverage. Blankets can also be directly planted.
Compost traps and socks are used alone or together with a compost blanket to reduce the impact of high volume water flow and flow. The compost dike is more aesthetic than the mud fence and eliminates the need to move the dike when the project is completed. Over time, a compost only maths and returns to earth. As the name implies, the compost socks are a mesh tube filled with compost. Socks stand better for heavy equipment, can be installed in place, and easily removed/reused. If a biodegradable fiber is used for socks, it can also be left in place to decompose. But this is rarely done, because it defeats the idea of ​​socks.
Custom usage
Specific additional uses for compost include use as planting media for constructed or artificial wetlands, as cover for landfill cells when closed to encourage vegetation and reduce erosion, and as erosion control along streambank to restore function and beauty to riparian zones while minimizing damage in the future.
Voluntary rules and standards
EPA Class A and B guidelines in the United States were developed solely to manage the processing and reuse of lucrative sludge, also now called biosolids, following the EPA ban from US oceanic discharges. About 26 US states now require compost to be processed in accordance with this federal protocol for pathogen and vector control, although applications for non-mud materials have not been scientifically tested. An example is that composted green garbage is used at a much higher rate than mud compost that was once anticipated to be applied. The U.K Guidelines also exist on the quality of compost, as well as Canada, Australia, and various European countries.
In the United States, some compost manufacturers participate in the testing program offered by a private lobbying organization called the US Composting Council. USCC was originally founded in 1991 by Procter & amp; Gambling to promote the composting of disposable diapers, following the state's mandate to ban diapers in landfills, which causes a national uproar. In the end the idea of ​​nappy composting is abandoned, partly because it is not scientifically proven to be possible, and mostly because the concept is marketing action in the first place. After this, the composting emphasis shifts back to recycling organic waste previously intended for landfills. There is no bona fide quality standard in America, but the USCC sells a seal called "Seal of Testing Assurance" (also called "STA"). At a considerable cost, the applicant can display the USCC logo on the product, agreeing to volunteer to customers current laboratory analysis that includes parameters such as nutrition, respiration rate, salt content, pH, and other limited indicators. However, the STA program is not approved by ISO, and is a financially rewarding activity for the private USCC, an organization that does not disclose its books (in 2009 the USCC earned $ 65,000 from STA fees). Some argue that the existence of the STA means the EPA or USDA should not regulate the compost.
See also
- Vermikompos
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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