Calcium hypochlorite is an inorganic compound with the formula Ca (ClO) 2 . It is the main active ingredient of a commercial product called bleach powder, chlorine powder, or chlorinated lime, used for water treatment and as a bleaching agent. This compound is relatively stable and has greater chlorine than sodium hypochlorite ( bleach solution ). It is a white solid, although the commercial sample looks yellow. This is a very chlorine smell, because of its slow decomposition in the humid air. It is not very soluble in hard water, and is preferably used in soft water to medium hard water. It has two forms: dry (anhydrous); and hydrated (hydrous).
Video Calcium hypochlorite
Usage
Sanitation
Calcium hypochlorite is commonly used for cleaning public swimming pools and disinfecting drinking water. Generally commercial substances are sold with a purity of 65 to 73% with other chemicals available, such as calcium chloride and calcium carbonate, resulting from the manufacturing process. As a swimming pool chemistry, it is mixed with other chemicals less frequently than other forms of chlorine, due to a dangerous reaction with some common pool chemicals. In solution, calcium hypochlorite can be used as a general purpose cleanser, but because the residue of calcium, sodium hypochlorite (bleach) is usually preferred.
Organic chemistry
Calcium hypochlorite is a common oxidizing agent and therefore finds some use in organic chemistry. For example, this compound is used to split glycols, carboxylic acid-hydroxy and keto acids to produce fragmented aldehydes or carboxylic acids. Calcium hypochlorite may also be used in the haloform reaction to produce chloroform.
Maps Calcium hypochlorite
Production
Calcium hypochlorite is manufactured industrially by treating lime (Ca (OH) 2 ) with chlorine gas. The reaction can be carried out gradually to give various compositions, each with different calcium hypochlorite concentrations, together with unconverted lime and calcium chloride. Full conversion is displayed
- 2 Cl
2 2 Ca (OH)
2 -> Ca (OCl)
2 CaCl
2 2 H
2 O
The whitening powder is made with slightly moist chalk. This is not a simple mix of calcium hypochlorite, calcium chloride, and calcium hydroxide. In contrast, it is a mixture consisting mainly of Ca (OCl) calcium 2 , bland calcium hypochlorite, Ca 3 (OCl) 2 (OH ) 4 , and wetted calcium chloride, Ca 3 Cl 2 (OH) 4 .
Properties
Calcium hypochlorite reacts with carbon dioxide to form calcium carbonate and release dichlorine monoxide:
- 2 Ca (ClO)
2 2 CO
2 -> 2 CaCO
3 2 Cl
2 O
2
Calcium hypochlorite solution is the basis. This alkalinity is caused by hydrolysis by hypochlorite ions, because the hypochlorite acid is weak, but calcium hydroxide is a strong base. As a result, hypochlorite ions are strong conjugate bases, and calcium ions are weak conjugate acids:
- ClO - H 2 O -> HClO OH -
Similarly, calcium hypochlorite reacts with hydrochloric acid to form calcium chloride, water and chlorine:
- Ca (OCl) 2 4 HCl -> CaCl 2 2 H 2 O 2 Cl 2
Security
Calcium hypochlorite is kept dry and cold, away from organic matter and metals. Hydrated form is safer to handle.
References
External links
- Chemical Land
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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