Model clay is one of a group of soft materials used in building and sculpting. The composition of materials and production processes vary greatly.
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Ceramic clay is a water-based substance made from clay minerals and other raw materials. They are baked at high temperatures in a process known as burning to make ceramics, such as terra cotta, pottery, crockery, and porcelain. The paper clay produced by clay pottery manufacturers is a clay body that a small percentage of processed cellulose fibers have been added. When the kiln-fired, the paper burned out, leaving the clay body. Consequently, the combustion temperature and the glaze selection must be the same on those used with clay bodies.
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Oil-based clay
Oil-based clays are made from various combinations of oils, waxes, and clay minerals. Because oil does not evaporate like water, oil-based clay can still be formed even when left in a dry environment for a long time. Items made of oil-based clay can not be fired, and thus are not ceramic. As rising temperatures decrease the viscosity of oil, flexibility is affected by heating or cooling the clay. The oil-based clay does not dissolve in water. Because it can be reused, it is a popular material for animated artists who need to bend and move their models. It is available in many colors and non-toxic.
Oil clays are referred to by some generic trademarks. Plastilin (or Plasteline), patented in Germany by Franz Kolb in 1880, was developed by Claude Chavant in 1892 and trademarked in 1927. Plasticine was discovered in 1897 by William Harbutt of Bathampton, England. Plastilina is a trademark as Roma Plastilina by Sculpture House, Inc. According to their website, their formula is 100 years. Rome Plastilina contains sulfur, and since certain compounding agents are not regulated in the presence of sulfur, making molds of industrial plastic goods is difficult.
With easy working in fine detail, oil-based clay is also suitable for making detailed sculptures from which prints can be made. Casting and reproduction can then be produced from more durable materials. Cars and airplanes can be made using clay industrial-grade design models.
Polymer clay
Clay polymers are modeling materials that heal when heated from 129 to 135 ° C (265 to 275 ° F) for 15 minutes per 6 millimeters ( 1 / 4 in), and does not significantly shrink or change shape during the process. Although called "clay", it generally does not contain clay minerals. Polymer clay is sold in craft stores, hobbies, and arts, and is used by artists, fans, and children. Polymer clay is also popular in animation, as it allows static forms to be manipulated frame by frame. The leading brands of polymer clay include Fimo, Kato Polyclay, Sculpey, and Modello.
Paper clay
Paper clay is handmade or commercially available clay where a small percentage of processed cellulose fibers are added. Fiber increases the tensile strength of the dry clay and allows dry-to-dry and wet-to-dry connection. The commercial paper pulp dries into a hard and light statue, with little shrinkage during the drying process.
Clay paper can be used as an untreated body in handicrafts and doll making. It is used in ceramic art studio as a sculpture and functional studio sculpture.
See also
- Papier-mÃÆ' Â ¢ chÃÆ' Â © (papier-mÃÆ' Â ¢ chÃÆ' Â ©), construction materials made of paper and wet paste.
- Salt dough, used for modeling (such as Play-Doh).
- Clay (plastic industry)
- Plastisin
- Paper clay
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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