A boat is a boat of various types and sizes. Ships are generally distinguished from boats by size, shape, and cargo capacity or larger passengers.
Small boats are usually found in inland waters such as rivers and lakes, or in protected coastal areas. However, some boats, such as submarines, are intended for use in offshore environments. In modern naval terms, the ship is a ship small enough to carry on board. The definition of anomalies exists, as a bulk cargo of 1,000 feet (300 m) in length on the Great Lakes known as oreboats.
Boats vary in proportion and method of construction due to their intended purpose, materials available, or local traditions. Kano has been used since prehistoric times and remains in use worldwide for transportation, fishing and sports. The fishing boats vary in partial style to suit local conditions. Fun crafts used in recreational activities include ski boats, pontoon boats, and sailboats. Boat house can be used for vacation or long term stay. Matches are used to carry cargo to and from large ships that can not approach the shore. The lifeboats have a rescue and security function.
Boats can be driven by human labor (eg rowing boats and rowboats), wind (eg sailboats), and motorcycles (gasoline and diesel).
Video Boat
Histori
The boat has served as a transportation from the beginning. Indirect evidence, such as the early settlement of Australia over 40,000 years ago, the findings in Crete dated 130,000 years ago, and in Flores about 900,000 years ago, suggest that boats have been used since prehistoric times. The earliest boats are thought to have been unearthed, and the oldest boats discovered by the date of archaeological excavations from about 7,000-10,000 years ago. The oldest boat found in the world, the Pesse boat, found in the Netherlands, is a rest room made of empty tree trunks of Pinus sylvestris built somewhere between 8200 and 7600 BC. The boat is on display at the Drents Museum in Assen, The Netherlands. Other very old canoes have also been found. The raft has been operating for at least 8,000 years. The 7,000 year old sea boat has been found in Kuwait. Ships are used between 4000 and 3000 BC in Sumer, ancient Egypt and in the Indian Ocean.
The boat played an important role in trade between the Indus Valley Civilizations and Mesopotamia. Evidence of various boat models has also been found at various archaeological sites of the Indus Valley. The Uru craft comes from Beypore, a village south of Calicut, Kerala, in southwest India. This type of mammoth timber ship is built only from teak wood, with a capacity of 400 tons. The ancient Arabs and Greeks used boats like merchant ships.
Historian Herodotus, Pliny the Elder and Strabo recorded the use of boats for trade, travel, and military purposes.
Maps Boat
Type
Boats can be categorized into three main types:
- Not energetic or human-powered. Uninterrupted crafts including rafts intended for one-way travel downstream. Human-powered boats include canoes, kayaks, gondolas and boats driven by pillars like kicks.
- Sailboat, especially driven by the screen.
- Motorboats, driven mechanically, like machines.
Terminology
The stomach is the main one, and in some cases only, the structural component of a boat. It provides capacity and buoyancy. The bells are the "backbone" of the ship, the elongated structural members whose framework is perpendicularly fixed. On most ships, a deck covered the hull, partly or completely. While the ship often has several decks, a boat may not have more than one. Above the deck is often a life path connected to stanchions, bulwarks may be terminated by gunnels, or some combination of the two. The cabin may stand out on the front deck, back, along the center line, or cover most of the length of the boat. The vertical structure that divides the internal space is known as bulkheads.
The front end of the boat is called the bow, the stern end of the stern. Facing forward the right side is referred to as the right and left as the port.
Building materials
Until the mid-19th century most boats were made of natural materials, especially wood, although reeds, bark and animal skins were also used. The early boats include a boat style bordered by lanes seen in Ancient Egypt, birch birch ships, kayaks and bush-hiding bushes and paddle boats made from a single log.
By the mid-19th century, many boats had been built with iron or steel frames but were still coated with wood. In 1855 the ferro-cement ship construction was patented by France, which created the name "ferciment". This is a system where a steel frame or iron wire is constructed in the hull of a boat and covered with cement. Reinforced with bulkhead and other strong internal structures but heavy, easily repairable, and, if sealed properly, will not leak or corrode. These materials and methods are copied all over the world and have faded in and out of popularity to date.
As British and European forests continued to be harvested to supply larger wooden vessels, and the Bessemer process (patented in 1855) reduced the cost of steel, steel vessels and ships began to become more common. In the 1930s, ships built entirely of steel from the framework to plating were seen replacing wooden boats in many industrial and fishing fleets. The personal steamship boats of steel remain uncommon. In 1895 WH Mullins produced galvanized steel boats and in 1930 became the world's largest pleasure boat manufacturer.
Mullins also offers boats in aluminum from 1895 to 1899 and again in 1920, [1] but not until mid-20th century that aluminum gained widespread popularity. Although much more expensive than steel, aluminum alloys exist that do not corrode in brine, enabling the same load carrying capacity for steel weighing much less.
Around the mid-1960s, ships made of fiberglass (glass-reinforced plastic) became popular, especially for recreational boats. The Coast Guard of the United States calls this a 'FRP' boat (for fiber-reinforced plastics). The fiberglass boat is strong, and does not rust, corrode, or rot. Instead, they are prone to structural degradation from sunlight and extremes in temperature during their lifetime. The FRP structure can be made rigid with a sandwich panel, where the FRP wraps a lightweight core such as balsa or foam.
Cold molding is similar to FRP in using epoxy or polyester resins, but replacing wood for fiberglass as a structural component. In cold molds, very thin wooden pieces are covered with shapes. Each layer is coated with resin, followed by another alternating layer placed on top. The next layer can be clamped or mechanically fastened to the previous one, or weighed or vacuumed to provide compression and stabilization until the resin set.
Propulsion
The most common boat propellers are as follows:
- Engine
- Motor inside
- Stern drive (Inboard/outboard)
- Motorcycles
- Rowing wheels
- Jet water (jetboat, personal craft)
- Fan (hovercraft, air boat)
- Humans (paddling, pedaling, installing pole etc.)
- Wind (sail)
Float
A boat moves its weight into the water, regardless of whether it is made of wood, steel, fiberglass, or even concrete. If weight is added to the boat, the volume of the hull drawn below the surface of the water will increase to keep the balance above and below the surface the same. Boats have natural or designed buoyancy levels. Exceeding it will cause the first boat to rise lower in water, second to take water more easily than when loaded properly, and finally, if overloaded with a combination of structure, cargo, and water, sink.
Gallery
See also
References
External links
- Washington University Digital Library - Freshwater and Sea Image Bank (enter the search term "ship" for boat and boat images.)
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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