The Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago (Portuguese: ArquipÃÆ' Â © lago de SÃÆ'Â £ o Pedro e SÃÆ'Â £ Paulo Paulo ) is a group of 15 small islands and rocks in the central Atlantic Ocean. It lies in the Intertropical Convergence Zone, an Atlantic region characterized by a low average wind interspersed with local lightning storms. It lies about 510Ã, nmi (940Ã, km; 590Ã, mi) from the closest point of the mainland of South America (Northeast Brazil city tour Touros); 625 km (388 mi) northeast of the archipelago Fernando de Noronha; 990 km (620Ã, mi) from the city of Natal; and 1,824 km (1,133 mi) from the west coast of Africa. Administratively, this archipelago belongs to Brazil and is part of a special "country district" (Portuguese: span of time ) of Fernando de Noronha, in the state of Pernambuco, regardless of great distance between two island groups and greater distance to the country's mainland.
The islands expose serpentinized abyssal mantle peridotite and kaersutite-bearing ultramafic mylonite at the highest peak in the world and only the second largest megamullion (after the Parece Vela megamullion below Okinotorishima in the Pacific Ocean). This grouping is the only location in the Atlantic Ocean where abyssal coats are exposed above sea level.
In 1986, the archipelago was designated as a protected area of ​​the environment. This is now part of the Environmental Protection Area Fernando de Noronha. Since 1998, the Brazilian Navy has maintained a permanent manned research facility on the islands. The main economic activity around the island is tuna fishing.
Video Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago
History
On April 20, 1511, a Portuguese navy fleet consisting of six caravels under Captain Garcia de Noronha's command found the islands by accident while on their way to India. While navigating in the open sea late at night, the Saint Peter shovel , under the command of Captain Manuel de Castro Alcoforado, crashed into the island. The crew was saved by the Saint Paul caravan, forming the name given to the island.
On the morning of February 16, 1832, the stones were visited by Charles Darwin in the first leg of his voyage at HMS
Then called "St. Paul's Rocks" visited by James Clark Ross on November 29, 1839. He was responsible for an expedition to the Antarctic region with two ships, HMS
Another famous person to visit the rocks is Ernest Shackleton, on his last expedition to Antarctica (1921-1922).
In 1942, during World War II, the islands were declared part of the Federal Territory of Fernando de Noronha (which also included Rocas Atoll).
In the early 1960s, rocks served as a starting point and terminus for the first world tour by US nuclear-powered submarine USS Triton .
Scientific Station
On June 25, 1998, the Brazilian Navy inaugurated Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago Scientific Station (Portuguese: EstaÃÆ'§ÃÆ'  £ o CientÃÆ'fica do ArquipÃÆ' © lago de SÃÆ' £ Pedro e SÃÆ'  £ o Paulo ; ECASPSP). The station is manned by four researchers, which are played in and out every 15 days. By maintaining a permanent occupation of the archipelago, the Brazilian Navy expanded the Exclusive Economic Zone of Brazil, territorial waters and airspace into the North Atlantic Ocean.
On 5-6 June 2006, an earthquake of more than six on the Richter scale rocked the archipelago. A strong tidal wave after an earthquake caused the battery compartment to hit an outer wall of the station, allowing seawater to flood the station. The four researchers in the archipelago take shelter at the lighthouse, while maintaining constant contact with the Brazilian Navy. A nearby fishing vessel rescued the researchers, who were later transferred to a Brazilian Naval patrol boat. The incident caused massive damage to stations and equipment. The station was repaired on 9-11 September 2006, and soon operated afterwards.
In 2007, the Brazilian Navy began to build a new scientific station in the archipelago. Construction began on July 24, 2007, and was completed on June 25, 2008. The new station is built with seismic insulation, and is much larger and better equipped than the previous one. This station consists of the main building - equipped with reverse osmosis salt desalination system, photovoltaic system and satellite communication system; deposits and piers.
The Brazilian Navy also has a beacon on the islands, (ARLHS: SPP-001), built in 1995 to replace the previous one from 1930.
Air France 447 Flight
On June 1, 2009, Air France Flight 447, Airbus A330-200 jetliner traveling from Rio de Janeiro to Paris with 228 people in it crashed in the Atlantic Ocean relatively close to Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago , killing all the inhabitants. Bodies and pieces of aircraft found near the archipelago.
Maps Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago
Geography
Saint Peter and Saint Paul Rocks are located in the Atlantic Ocean, 100 km (62 mi) north of the Equator and are the only group of Brazilian oceanic islands in the Northern Hemisphere. The closest point on the coast of Brazil, is Cabo do Calcanhar, Rio Grande do Norte, about 1,010 kilometers (630Ã, mi) from the archipelago. The area that appears is about 4.2 hectares (1.7 hectares) and the maximum ground level is 18 m (59 ft), on Nordeste Island. The archipelago consists of several rocks, five small rocky islands and four larger islands:
- Belmonte Islet: 5,380 square meters (57,900 sqÃ, ft)
- Challenger Islet (also known as SÃÆ'Â £ Paulo): 3,000 square meters (32,000 sqÃ, ft)
- Nordeste Islet (also known as SÃÆ'Â £ o Pedro): 1,440 sq meters (15,500 sqÃ, ft)
- Cabral Islet: 1,170 square meters (12,600 sq ft)
- South Islet: 943 square meters (10.150Ã, sqÃ, ft).
Their base is more than 3,650 meters (11,980 ft) below sea level.
None of these islands have permanent fresh water supplies available.
Biology
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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